The Three Estates and Grievances Essay - 668 Words

Before the French Revolution, there were three estates, or classes: the nobility, the clergy and the commoners. The nobility and the clergy had many more privileges than the third estate and that is what caused the French Revolution. The Third estate was composed of the peasants, the workers and the bourgeoisie; unlike the other segments of the Third Estate, the bourgeoisie was able to communicate its grievances to the public during the period after the French Revolution: 1789-1799. The peasants in the French Revolution had many un-communicated complaints. The peasants felt they were being taxed too heavily. This was true because the government could not tax the clergy or the nobility, and they needed money. As a result, they raised†¦show more content†¦They were not represented, however. The monarch and the army was able to repress the outbursts from the urban working class and they did not have any success. The Bourgeoisie was different from the other two groups in their success. They understood the excessive taxation was only for the third estate and the other two did not get taxed at al.. They also knew they did not have fair representation in the government. Even though they were richer than the rest of the Third Estate, they wanted to have equal representation. The monarch gave them double representation but that was also unfair and ineffective. In the end, they overthrew the government and came up with their own government. Initially, they received representation through the Estates-General. However, this was not enough for them either because the monarch had control over their meetings. They then formed the National Constituents Assembly and formed the Tennis Court Oath. This eventually led them to making the Declaration of the Rights of Man. They finally gained the equality they had been striving for and they could not be suppressed. They eventually led to the Directory and they had all of the issues they were concerned with addressed. They received the most exposure because they were the most intelligent of the Third Estate and they were able to take control of the government. During the French revolution, all three groups had grievances that remained unaddressed and ignored by the restShow MoreRelatedSummarize and compare and contrast the English Bill of Rights, the Cahier of the 3rd Estate and Common Sense.1484 Words   |  6 PagesThe English Bill of Rights, the Cahier of the Third Estate of the City of Paris and Common Sense were all written during a time of revolution in their respective countries. Although all three political writings originated in a different country, they each share several important similarities. Each document also addressed specific issues, which the others did not. The English Bill of Rights, the Cahier of the Third Estate of the City of Paris and Common Sense all served as a bridge between their countriesRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution Of The Bastille1221 Words   |  5 PagesFrench Revolution? Many elements of France’s infrastructure were created to suppress the qualms of the people. However, the ma jor influences that caused the French Revolution were the new ideas of the enlightened thinkers, powerlessness of the Third Estate, and famine crises. Without these factors within French society, a governmental collapse may not have occurred. Firstly, the French Revolution came directly after the American Revolution. On the foundations of â€Å"life, liberty, and the pursuit ofRead MoreFrench Revolution : The Main Effect Of Enlightenment Ideas Emergence Or Social Economic Disruption? Essay1670 Words   |  7 Pagescreditor (Perry et al. 2013, p. 458) and the French Kingdom abused the levy of taxes by picking up three different kinds of fine, which were taille, capitation and vingtià ¨mes (Young Travels ex. 4). Actually, these fines applied to all estates, but most of the clergy and nobility did not pay it (Young Travels ex. 4). Therefore, the taxes were obviously unfair because it implemented to the Third Estate without noticing other class groups. Overall, the industrial development in other countries promptedRead MoreThe French Revolution Of The Middle Ages Era Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pagesand economic conditions that always change under any circumstances immediately affect French Revolution. According to Adcock (2014, p. 23), ordinary citizens were directly concerned about society. In other words, society who usually known as Third Estate gave so much attention towards social and economic condition to achieve a better life. This statement was also legitimized by â€Å"[w]e wish to substitute in our country †¦ all the virtues and miracles of the republic for all the vices and absurditiesRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1321 Words   |  6 Pagesby the enlighten idea. Before the revolution, there was three estates the first estate was the clergy, Second the aristocrats and third the commoners. The commoners were the normal, or you could say the hard working common people. The clergy were mostly religious people, like priests and were protected by the nobility, they were rich and had a lot of privileges, some of the privileges that the first and second estate had over the third estate was the exempt to pay any taxes, but the commoners hadRead MoreCauses of the French Re volution Essay1464 Words   |  6 Pagesthings, before the Revolution, and it divided French society up into three ``estates: the nobles, the clergy, and the common people (ie. everyone else, which included both peasants and the middle classes). The first and second estates were privileged in that they paid no tax at all, and for this reason, the monarch did not have a problem with their support: they were, in effect, propping up the Ancien Rà ©gime. The first and second estates also owned the larger proportion of land: although there were onlyRead MoreCauses Of The French Revolution906 Words   |  4 Pagesmaking up 97% of the population, were known as the third estate. The original purpose of the revolution was to create a constitutional monarchy, but this idea quickly became lost in the radical ideas of the revolution. However, the revolution, despite best efforts, failed. France once again had a complete monarchy. Many factors contributed in causing the unrest, and ultimately full blown revolution among the people of France. But, arguably, the three main causes of the French Revolution were national debtRead MoreWhat Caused The French Revolution?917 Words   |  4 PagesWhat caused the French Revolution? Many things contributed to it evolving. But only three were the most important. The influence dates back all the way to the Age of Enlightenment, the ideas definitely had an effect on the French citizens. The American Revolution ties with the Enlightenment as well. The political inequality of the three estates played a huge part in the disruption. In addition to that, the Economic inequality also influenced France. The French Revolution is a big and memorable partRead MoreNatural Law- Rules Discoverable By Reason, Govern Scientific958 Words   |  4 Pagescare for the sick and used the property to support those that were. George III- English monarch at the time of the revolution. He was the main opposition for the colonies due to his stubborn attitude and unwillingness to hear out colonial requests/grievances. Stamp Act- A tax that the British Parliament placed on newspapers and official documents sold in the American Colonies George Washington- A Virginia planter and soldier. He was the 1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the ContinentalRead MoreThe French Revolution And The Revolution1223 Words   |  5 PagesLouis XVI, causing people to want change by implying new Enlightenment ideas. The revolution in France broke out in 1789 do to social, economical, and political issues including the growth of bourgeoisies, taxes were paid unevenly throughout the three Estates of France, and the Third Estate’s desire for a representative government. One of the many social issues that led to the French revolution was the growth of bourgeoisies in France. Bourgeoisies were middle class workers who were able to read and

The New Planet X Analysis - 774 Words

The New Planet X For centuries, researchers have been looking for more planets in our solar system, with more public focus on the matter in the past decade after Pluto’s reclassification to â€Å"dwarf planet†. At last, astronomers have found a possible expansion to our local solar system, or at least this is what the Science News article â€Å"Shadow Planet†, written by astronomer Christopher Crockett, implies. In this article Crockett summarizes the history of the idea of a â€Å"Planet X† in our solar system, providing the necessary background to understand the rest of the article, where he discusses evidence that heavily supports the idea of a new planet far in our outer solar system. The article’s author, Cristopher Crockett, is a writer for Science News magazine, and a previous writer for Scientific American. Crockett is also a former researcher from the U.S. Naval Observatory, focusing on the exploration of planets in our outer solar system, with a Ph.D in astronomy. He left his career as a researcher to pursue writing in 2013, after being awarded the 2013 Mass Media fellowship from the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) to write for Scientific American. Crockett shows expertise in all areas of astronomy, writing articles on a wide variety of astronomical topics, from explanations of the gravitational waves caused by black holes to discussions about newly discovered exoplanets. In the article, Crockett starts by mentioning the primary evidence for a notShow MoreRelatedThe sun is a star in which all of the planets of the solar system orbit around. The sun involves700 Words   |  3 PagesThe sun is a star in which all of the planets of the solar system orbit around. The sun involves three key parts consisting of the core which makes up 25 percent of the sun, the radiative zone which makes up 45 percent of the sun, and the convective zone which makes up 30 percent of the sun. The sun contains a large amount of hydrogen in its core which is where most of the nuclear reactions take place. At the sun’s core, gravity attracts all of the mass inward and generates a pressure large enoughRead MorePluto s Position On The Solar System1426 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction – Pluto’s Position in the Solar System Pluto used to be considered the ninth planet of our solar system, but in 2006 Pluto s planetary classification was changed to a dwarf planet (Choi). Pluto is located in the Kuiper belt and it orbits beyond Neptune, which makes Pluto a trans-Neptunian object, or TNO (Schneider and Arny 380-381). Pluto’s elliptical orbit of the sun takes 248 years, and on average it is approximately 3.6 billion miles from the sun (Dunbar). Pluto has an extremelyRead MoreGalileo s Observation Of Astronomy1018 Words   |  5 Pagesallow us to observe other wavelengths such as gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet and infrared. They are also unaffected by weather, daylight, and light pollution. Another advantage of space telescopes is that they can provide sharper images because they are unaffected by atmospheric turbulence which can blur the images of ground-based telescopes (a phenomenon known as ‘seeing’). As of 2006 the International Astronomical Union defines a planet as a celestial body that: 1. Is orbiting the Sun 2. Has aRead MoreEssay about Intelligent Extraterrestrial Life936 Words   |  4 PagesIntelligent Extraterrestrial Life When I look up at the stars at night, I just have to wonder who or what is looking back at me from some distant planet in some distant galaxy. We’ve all probably wondered what lies beyond our small, self-contained little world. The question many have pondered is whether or not there is intelligent life beyond earth. In the words of Metrodorus, a Greek philosopher of the fourth century, To consider the Earth as the only populated world in infiniteRead MoreHow Map Reduce On A Distributed Environment Readily And Easily Allows Us1385 Words   |  6 Pagesdemonstrate how Map Reduce in a distributed environment readily and easily allows us to take several measurements that describe the empirical data and to answer several questions like, for example, stars that are like our sun, and how many Earth-like planets have been observed. This project has been done as part of the coursework for the course Distributed Computing. After applying the Map Reduce and Hadoop techniques to the planetary database, and to the star database, we realize that bringing a largeRead MoreRc Physics1491 Words   |  6 Pagesbe half of its original value after the radius is multiplied by a certain factor, what was the factor used? A. 1/ (2Ï€) B.  ½ C. √2 D.1√2 E.  ¼ 6. In terms of the original diameter d, what new diameter will result in a new spherical volume that is a factor of eight times the original volume? A. 8D B. 2D C. D/2 D. D x 3√2 E. D/8 7. An equation for potential energy states U = MGH. If U is in kg ââ€"  m2 ââ€"  s-2, what are the units of h? A. s B. s2 C. m-1 D. m E. g-1 8. The equation for the speed of sound inRead MorePhuket Beach Case1683 Words   |  7 PagesPROBLEM This is an assessment of the different costs and benefits of two mutually exclusive capital projects involving the use of an underutilized space located on the second floor of the main building of Phuket Beach Hotel (PBH). The first project, Planet Karaoke Pub (PKP) offered to sign a four-year lease agreement with (PBH) while the second project, Beach Karaoke Pub (BKP), is a pub the PBH itself, plans to put up and to operate for six years. 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Accountability Issue of Petronas Free Essays

Accountability issue of PETRONAS-Transparency 1. According to the article written by Datuk Dr Jeffrey Kitingan, a politician from Sabah who was a Vice President of Parti Keadilan Rakyat when he wrote this article. He said that Petronas agreements have been classified as secret. We will write a custom essay sample on Accountability Issue of Petronas or any similar topic only for you Order Now The clauses in the agreement are shielded from public scrutiny, this leads to transparency issue arise and making it an organization without public accountability. For example, 80% of the oil produced by Petronas is not sold directly to the world market but is channeled through six ‘option holders’ who obtain the supply from Petronas at below market prices. Only 20% of the oil produced by Petronas is sold through direct open bidding. Because of this arrangement, Petronas is not maximizing its revenue by dealing direct with the open world market. Instead, it has been incurring incalculable losses for the nation and for the people. How much this huge loss is, we will never know. It is understood that this supply through the option holders is sold by contracts with a binding agreement for 20 or 30 years, causing huge losses for Petronas when oil price increases, as Petronas would then have to continue selling at the old agreed price. Because of the agreement (contract) is not disclose to the public, thus, the public do not know who these option holders are and why they are in the first place. Besides, the public also wondering that are these people representing certain private interests? Because of the non transparent of Petronas agreements, many questions have been raised and the public think Petronas is a huge organization which is not accountable and secretive. 2. The annual report of Petronas is not in detail. For example, we can make a comparison between the 2011 annual report of Shell and 2011 annual report of Petronas. As we can see from the picture below, the related party disclosure of Shell is more detail than Petronas. Shell discloses the company name that where the sale to and where the purchase from, however, Petronas just disclose the sale and purchases in general. This also means that Petronas annual report lack of transparency. In addition, Shell annual report also provides a detailed information of company properties, whereas, Petronas did not provide this information in annual report. | | How to cite Accountability Issue of Petronas, Essay examples